Volume 1 - 2016 -


1. Additions to Pseudocamarosporium; two new species from Italy.

Authors: Wijayawardene NN, Tibpromma S, Hyde KD, An YL, Camporesi E, Wang Y

Recieved: 02 December 2015, Accepted: 28 January 2016, Published: 17 February 2016

Two coelomycetous taxa with muriform conidia were collected from Italy, and subjected to morpho-molecular taxonomic analyses. A mega blast search showed that the new taxa had a close relationship with Pseudocamarosporium. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined LSU, SSU and ITS sequence data also showed that these strains reside in Didymosphaeriaceae and cluster with Pseudocamarosporium sensu stricto. Following detailed morphological and molecular analyses, these are introduced as new species in Pseudocamarosporium. The new taxa are illustrated and compared with other known species in the genus

Keywords: Camarosporium – Coelomycetous fungi – Muriform – Phylogeny

 

2. A taxonomic analysis of fungi collected and described from Egypt up to 1931

Authors: Soliman EA, Abdel-Azeem AM, Salem FM, Nafady NA, Mehesien MT, Ahmed AIS, Ibrahem ME, Abdel-Azeem MA, Hassan SS

Recieved: 01 January 2016, Accepted: 19 February 2016, Published: 29 February 2016

A revisit of 13 publications published since 1813 to 1931 is presented and the 340 taxa reported are taxonomically re-evaluated. The Egyptian taxa treated belong to two kingdoms and three major groups: zygomycetes (1 spp.), ascomycetes (124 spp.), basidiomycetes (197 spp.) and chromistian fungal analogues (18 species). Taxa of true fungi are distributed among three phyla, ten classes, 38 orders, and 67 families, while Chromistean fungal analogues distributed in only one phylum, two orders and three families. About 35% of the original names of taxa have undergone changes, although for a few new designations are still debatable. The binomials of the remaining taxa are unchanged. Thus despite it being over 200 years since publication of Delile on Egyptian fungi and the present analysis, the taxonomic status of many Egyptian taxa, awaits re-assessment in modern terms. 

Keywords: Arid – ascomycetes – basidiomycetes – biodiversity – fungi- nomenclature – taxonomy

 

3. Diversity of endophytic fungi from the ornamental plant- Adenium obesum.

Authors: Meenatchi A, Ramesh V, Bagyalakshmi, Kuralarasi R, Shanmugaiah V, Rajendran A

Recieved: 02 December 2015, Accepted: 20 February 2016, Published: 29 February 2016

Endophytic fungi live internally in apparently healthy and asymptomatic hosts. They are ubiquitous; no study has yet shown the existence of a plant species without endophytes. High species diversity is another characteristic of endophytic mycota. It is quite common for endophyte surveys to find assemblages consisting of more than 30species per host plant species.In the present study, 179 isolates were obtained from leaf, stem, and tissues of Adenium obesum collected from Virudhunagar, India. The endophytic fungi were identified based on the colony morphology and sporulating structures. Aspergillus sp. (28.5%), Aspergilus breviceps (30%), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (23%) and Scorpulariopsis brevicalis (17%) were the most dominant species. The colonization frequency was higher in the winter season. Phyllosticta hymanaeae was isolated from leaf tissues during the summer and winter season. Aspergillus was the predominant genus isolated from all of leaf, stem and bark tissues of Adenium obesum

Keywords: Adenium obesum – colonization frequency – endophytes – seasonality

 

4. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) in maritime sand dunes of Brazilian northeast

Authors: Jobim K, Goto BT

Recieved: 12 January 2016, Accepted: 23 February 2016, Published: 03 March 2016

The symbiotic association between AMF and plants in coastal areas is a major strategy for the survival of native vegetation, due to the ability of external hyphae of fungi to absorb the scarce nutrients in substrates and to further the aggregation of soil particles promoting its stability. Despite its importance to the maintenance of coastal ecosystems, little is known about the dynamics of the AMF communities in tropical areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and diversity of AMF in maritime dunes from the Parque Ecológico Dunas de Genipabu, in Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. From August / 2010 to February / 2012, on four occasions in the rainy and dry seasons, rhizosphere soil samples from 48 plants were collected and 46 species of AMF were found, distributed among 10 families: Glomeraceae (12), Acaulosporaceae (7) Dentiscutataceae (7), Diversisporaceae (2), Gigasporaceae (5), Scutellosporaceae (4), Ambisporaceae (3), Racocetraceae (3), Intraornatosporaceae (2) and Sacculosporaceae (1). A higher richness and diversity were associated with dry season. The data obtained show that coastal areas are AMF diversity hotspots, with a high number of species associated with native vegetation.

Keywords: mycorrhiza – Poales - symbiosis – taxonomy

 

5. Saprobic Dothideomycetes in Thailand: Vaginatispora appendiculata sp. nov. (Lophiostomataceae) introduced based on morphological and molecular data

Authors: Wanasinghe DN, Jones EBG, Dissanayake AJ, Hyde KD

Recieved: 17 January 2016, Accepted: 05 March 2016, Published: 11 March 2016

In order to establish the evolutionary relationships and resolve the polyphyletic nature of Dothideomycetes, we are studying their natural classification based on both morphology and multigene phylogeny. In this paper we introduce Vaginatispora appendiculata, a novel species on dead twigs from southern Thailand. Morphological character differences and analyses of combined LSU, TEF, SSU and ITS sequence datasets support the validity of the new species and its placement in Vaginatispora (Lophiostomataceae).

Keywords: Appendages – Massarina – Phylogeny

 

6. Xylariaceae: Overview and addition to fungal diversity of Gujarat state

Authors: Koyani RD, Patel HR, Vasava AM, Rajput KS

Recieved: 10 December 2015, Accepted: 28 February 2016, Published: 07 April 2016

Extensive fieldwork in all 33 districts including different forests of Gujarat state during 2007 to 2014 resulted in the collection of 349 fungal taxa. Among them, 19 species represented the family Xylariaceae belonging to three genera viz. Daldinia (3 species), Hypoxylon (2 species) and Xylaria (14 species). From these species, Daldinia concentrica, D. eschscholtzii, Hypoxylon begae, Xylaria curta, X. feejeensis, X. polymorpha and X. regalis are reported previously, while Daldinia childiae, Hypoxylon rickii, Xylaria apiculata, X. carpophila, X. cubensis, X. filiformis, X. gigentea, X. hypoxylon, X. longipes, X. nigripes, X. primorskensis and X. psidii are recorded for the first time from Gujarat. All the species are saprobic except Hypoxylon fragiforme and Xylaria polymorpha, which are exclusively observed on the bark of Bombax ceiba and Lannea coromandelica as well as dead trees. The distribution, habitat, morphology of the identified species are described in this article.

Keywords: Biodiversity – mycobiota – species list – taxonomy – Xylariaceae

 

7. Lopadostoma fagi (Lopadostomataceae) on Fagus sylvatica from Italy.

Authors: Daranagama DA, Camporesi E, Liu XZ, Chamyuang S, Stadler M, Jingzu S, Hyde KD

Recieved: 19 February 2016, Accepted: 31 March 2016, Published: 07 April 2016

A new record of Lopadostoma fagi is described in Italy from Fagus sylvatica based on morphological and molecular data. It has effused-pulvinate stromata immersed in the host tissue, with a narrow, black, carbonized encasement. The ectostromatic disc is visible as a clypeus and surrounded by the reddish brown bark surface. In the combined phylogenetic analysis of ITS, LSU andRPB2 sequence data, the strain derived from the specimen clustered with other L. fagi strains with high bootstrap support. A morphological description with detailed photographs for L. fagi is provided in this study.

Keywords: Ascomycetes – phylogeny – Sordariomycetes – taxonomy – Xylariales

 

8. Camarosporium uniseriatum nom. nov., from Celtis occidentalis in European Russia

Authors: Thambugala KM, Bulgakov TS, Eungwanichayapant PD, Liu ZY, Hyde KD

Recieved: 25 February 2016, Accepted: 31 March 2016, Published: 11 April 2016

Celtis occidentalis (American hackberry) is a deciduous tree widely distributed in northern America and introduced in many regions of Europe. In this study we collected Cucurbitaria celtidis from dead or dying twigs and branches of C. occidentalis (Cannabaceae) in the Rostov region (Southern European Russia), where this tree is a common ergasiophyte in artificial forests. The placement of this species in Camarosporium sensu stricto in Pleosporinae, Pleosporales is shown in a multi-locus tree based on combined LSU, SSU and ITS sequence data. Camarosporium uniseriatum nom. nov. is introduced based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses

Keywords: Cucurbitaria – phylogeny – Pleosporales – sexual morph

 

9. New records of Phaeoisaria triseptata and Spadicoides heterocolorata for Brazil

Authors: Almeida DAC, Gusmão LFP

Recieved: 12 March 2016, Accepted: 17 April 2016, Published: 24 May 2016

Phaeoisaria triseptata and Spadicoides heterocolorata are described, illustrated and discussed. Both species represent new records for Brazil

Keywords: Conidial fungi – hyphomycetes – semi-arid Neotropics

 

10. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of endophytic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from endemic tree Cinnamomum malabatrum

Authors: Packiaraj R, Jeyakumar S, Ayyappan N, Adhirajan N, Premkumar G, Rajarathinam K, Muthuramkumar S

Recieved: 12 March 2016, Accepted: 17 May 2016, Published: 20 June 2016

In a survey of endophytic fungi associated with endemic plant Cinnamomum malabatrum leaves harbored a bioactive endophytic isolate CMS 3 was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides through morphological and phylogenetic analysis based on ITS-rDNA. The ethyl acetate extract of fermentation broth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides CMS 3 displayed antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria as well as the fungal pathogen, Candida albicans. The ethyl acetate crude extract showed in vitro cytotoxicity against the HeLa, MCF-7 and MG63 cancer cell lines with the IC50 values of 94.2µg/ml, 84.3µg/ml and 162µg/ml respectively. Gas chromatography and Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis of crude extract confirmed that CMS 3 was a prolific producer of secondary metabolites, in which nearly 74% of the metabolites not listed in the NIST database. Major compounds were phenol 3, 5- dimethoxy acetate (11.82 %), 4'-isopropylidene-bis-(2-cyclohexyl) phenol, N-Didehydrohexacarboxyl-2, 4, 5-trimethylpiperazine and 1, 2, 4-Triazolium ylide. These metabolites may be responsible for its antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.

Keywords: Antimicrobial potential – Colletotrichum gloeosporioides – Cytotoxic activity, Endemic tree – Endophytic fungus – GC-MS

 

11. Diversity of lichen flora of Odisha, India- A review

Authors: Nayak SK, Bajpai R, Upreti DK, Satapathy KB

Recieved: 07 February 2016, Accepted: 29 July 2016, Published: 27 August 2016

Based on the compilation of literature on lichens of Odisha (India) and other specimens and preserved in herbaria, we estimate that 252 species of lichens, belonging to 81 genera and 35 families are known from the state. Graphidaceae with 49 species is the dominant family, followed by Arthoniaceae (21), Pyrenulaceae (19), Parmeliaceae (18), Trypetheliaceae (17), Physciaceae (15), Teloschistaceae (14), Lecanoraceae (13), Pertusariaceae (12), Ramalinaceae (11), Caliciaceae (11), Thelotremataceae (9) and Lecidiaceae (4). Among the lichen genera Graphis is dominant with 27 species, followed by Pyrenula (16), Caloplaca (14), Pertusaria (12), Lecanora (10), Parmotrema (9), Cryptothecia (9) and Pyxine (6). Accounts of lichens are only available from 13 out of 30 districts. Of these only cursory collections from 10 districts are available, whereas Mayurbhanj, Jharsuguda and Ganjam districts are well-explored for their lichen flora. The present enumeration of more than 250 species clearly indicates a rich diversity of lichens for the state. Further exploration in other unexplored districts will add more species to the lichen flora of the state. 

Keywords: Ganjam – Jharsuguda – Mayurbhanj – mycobiont – phycobiont

 

12. Corynespora celastri sp. nov. on Celastraceae from India

Authors: Kumar S, Singh R

Recieved: 22 June 2016, Accepted: 18 September 2016, Published: 30 September 2016

Corynespora celastri sp. nov., is introduced on living leaves of Celastrus paniculatus (Celastraceae) collected from Paniyara forest of Mahrajganj, Uttar Pradesh, India. The new species is illustrated and compared with closely similar species reported on Celastraceae. This species is characterized by having longer conidiophores and conidia among the members reported on same host family. A key to all species of Corynespora on Celastraceae is also provided

Keywords: fungal diversity – hyphomycetes – new species

 

13. Clitocella (Entolomataceae) - a new genus record for India

Authors: Kour H, Kumar S, Sharma YP, Nandi S, Acharya K

Recieved: 24 June 2016, Accepted: 17 October 2016, Published: 24 October 2016

During an exploration in the virgin coniferous forest of Jammu and Kashmir, a little known taxon, Clitocella popinalis (Basidiomycota, Entolomataceae) was gathered along with other macrofungi. Based on morphological and molecular (nrITS sequence) data, detailed taxonomic information related to this species is described and illustrated for the first time from India. Morphologically and genetically allied taxa are also compared with this species.

Keywords: Agaricales – internal transcribed spacer – Jammu and Kashmir

 

14. Two new records of hydnoid fungi from the Western Ghats of India

Authors: Karun NC, Sridhar KR

Recieved: 15 June 2016, Accepted: 16 October 2016, Published: 24 October 2016

The hydnoid fungi are commonly known as tooth fungi as they produce spores on pegs or spines or tooth-like projections underneath the fruit body. Index Fungorum (2016) documented nearly 900 species of hydnoid fungi worldwide. Gyrodontium sacchari has been originally reported from Guadeloupe as Hydnum benningsii Bers. a generic type species in 1890. Subsequently it was recorded from Argentina, Bahia State, Belize, Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, French Guiana, Mexico and Panama (see Robledo et al. 2014). Hembrom et al. (2014) recorded this fungus for the first time in India in the West Bengal during 2013. The hydnoid nature of hymenophore of the genus Hericium was shown by Persoon (1794) and described as Hydnum cirrhatum. Nikolajeva (1950) transferred this species to the genus Hericium. The genus Hericium is of particular interest due to peculiarity in morphology of fruit body possessing woolly surface. Because of specific woolly texture, some of them are commonly called bear's head mushroom (H. americanum), monkey's head mushroom (H. cirrhatum) and lion's mane or goat's beard mushroom (H. erinaceus). Their common names is also due to nature spines like coral-spine mushroom (H. coralloides), spine-face or tiered-tooth mushroom (H. cirrhatum). The present study provides systematic account of Gyrodontium sacchari and Hericium cirrhatum recovered from the Western Ghats with notes on their distribution, edibility and economic value. 

Keywords: forest – Gyrodontium sacchari – Hericium cirrhatum – macrofungi – wood

 

15. Bovista helenae - new puffball from Russia

Authors: Rebriev YuA, Dvadnenko KV

Recieved: 07 September 2016, Accepted: 01 November 2016, Published: 28 November 2016

A new Bovista from dry steppes of the European part of Russia is described. This species is situated in ser. Globisporae. It has a subhypogeous basidiomes with basal incrusted “cup” like in Disciseda, globose to subglobose asperulate spores 3.2–3.8×3.5–4.5 µm with straight not acute pedicels 5–7 µm and Bovista-type capillitium with small, straight or funnel-shaped pores which are rare on the main stem but usual on the ends. The key for Bovista species with basal incrusted “cup” is provided.

Keywords: Agaricaceae – Bovista tomentosa – gasteroid basidiomycetes – gasteromycetes – Lycoperdaceae – puffballs – systematics – taxonomy

 

16. Production of Catecholate Siderophores by a Manglicolous fungus Emericella nidulans: A Novel Observation.

Authors: Trivedi HB, Vala AK, Dave BP

Recieved: 25 November 2016, Accepted: 25 December 2016, Published: 30 December 2016

Mangrove ecosystem is a rich source of manglicolous fungi. While much information is available on diversity of these fungi, their siderophores have not been explored yet. The present study was carried out with a view to explore siderophore production potential of manglicolous fungi along Ghogha Coast, Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India. From four different mangrove samples viz. rhizosphere, rhizoplane, water and sediment, thirteen fungi belonging to Ascomycota were isolated, which were all siderophore producers. Their chemical characterization indicated siderophores of twelve fungi to be hydroxamates while one isolate Emericella nidulans exhibited a novel behaviour. Emericella nidulans a producer of both; hydroxamate and catecholate siderophore, a behaviour uncommon amongst fungi. The data revealed that exploring manglicolous fungi could reveal novelty in structural diversity of siderophore reflecting their unique ecological roles like avoiding siderophore piracy and oxidative stress for reclamation of mangrove associated coastal habitats.

Keywords: chemical characterization – fungi – mangrove

 

About Studies in Fungi

Studies In Fungi publishes reviews, research articles, methodology papers, taxonomic works such as monographs, and checklists which are relevant to fungal biology, including lichens. The official journal language is English.

All manuscripts will undergo blind peer review before acceptance. Studies in Fungi will publish each manuscript as quickly as possible following acceptance by the editors. We have requested an ISSN number and are presently sending printed copies of each paper to 10 international libraries until this is received to fulfill the requirements of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants.

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